Technical Information: Vials and Inserts : Materials

Materials

Worldwide Glass offers vials and inserts made from the following materials:

Any silicate glass containing at least 5% of boric oxide is called Borosilicate Glass.  The boric oxide makes the glass resistant to extreme temperatures and chemical corrosion.  Type I borosilicate has the least pH shift of any glass.  It is highly resistant to water, neutral and acid solutions, concentrated acids and acid mixtures, and to chlorine, bromine, iodine and organic substances. Its chemical resistance is superior to that of most metals and other materials, even during prolonged periods of exposure and at temperatures above 100°C.  Type 1 clear borosilicate glass can have a linear coefficient of expansion of 33 or 51.  Type 1 amber borosilicate glass has a linear coefficient expansion of 51.
Schott

Glass Type

Principal Use

Density at 25°C g·cm-3

Poisson's ratio µ

Young's Modulus
x106N·mm-2

Stress, Optical Coefficient K
10-6mm2·N-1

Refractive Index nd
(= 587.6 nm)

Thermal Conductivity λw at 90°C
W·m-1·K-1

tk100
°C

Amber Borosilicate

Pharmaceutical  Packaging

2.42

0.19

71

2.2

1.523

1.2

200

Clear Borosilicate

Pharmaceutical  Packaging

2.34

0.2

73

3.4

1.492

1.2

215

Glass Type

Electric Volume Resistivity
·cm Logarithm

Dielectric Properties
25°C
1 Megahertz

Glass Temperature at viscosity η in dPa·s

Transformation Temperature
Tg
°C

Expansion Coefficient
20-300°C
10-6K-1

 

250°C

350°C

Constant ε

Loss Factor tan δ (10-4)

104
(Working Point)
°C

107.6
(Softening Point)
°C

1013
(Annealing Point)
°C

 

 

Amber Borosilicate

7.1

5.6

6.3

107

1165

770

560

550

5.4

Clear Borosilicate

7.4

6.0

5.7

80

1160

785

565

565

4.9

Gerresheimer

Glass

Type

Principal Use

Working Point
°C

Softening Point
°C

Annealing Point
°C

Strain Point
°C

Expansion Coefficient 0-300°C
x10-7/°C

Contraction Coefficient Annealing Point to 25°C
x10-7/°C

Density g/cm3

Refractive Index Sodium D Line

Stress, Optical Coefficient µ/cm/kg/cm2

Amber 203

Borosilicate

General Pharmaceutical  Containers

1105

765

558

520

54

71

2.39

1.51

3.4

KG-33

Borosilicate

General

1255

827

565

513

32

35

2.23

1.47

3.7

KG-51A

Borosilicate

General

1140

785

570

530

55

70

2.33

1.49

3.5

Glass

Type

Volume Resistivity
ohm-cm Logarithm

Dielectric Properties
25°C
1 Megahertz

Estimated
Ð T Thermal
Shock Resistance
°C

Chemical Durability
U.S.P. XIX
mL N/50 H2SO4

Calculated
Thermal Conductivity Units Expressed Cal/cm/cm2/ sec°Cx10-3

Young's Modulus
x106 psi

 

 

 

250
°C

350
°C

K

Ð
%

Loss
Factor
%

1/8" Thick

1/4" Thick

1/2" Thick

 

-100
°C

0
°C

100
°C

 

Amber 203

Borosilicate

7.4

6.0

5.7

0.60

3.4

105

85

60

0.44

2.0

2.5

2.8

10.3

 

KG-33

Borosilicate

7.9

6.4

4.6

0.48

2.2

180

150

100

0.20

2.1

2.7

3.1

9.5

 

KG-51A

Borosilicate

7.0

5.7

5.8

0.84

4.9

105

85

60

0.36

2.0

2.6

2.9

10.4

 

Glass Extractable Data (ug/mL)

Ions

Type 1 Clear

Type 1 Amber

Na

0.3-0.5

0.4-1.4

K

ND*

ND-0.02

Ca

ND

ND-0.1

Mg

ND

ND

Al

ND

ND-0.5

Fe

ND

ND

Ba

ND

ND-0.2

Zn

ND

 

Mn

ND

ND

Si

ND

ND-5

*Non-detectable

Polypropylene (PP) is recommended for one time use only with low vapor transmission.  Polypropylene is a rigid plastic that is translucent.  At room temperature, polypropylene exhibits excellent chemical resistance to acids, alcohols, and bases.  Polypropylene is compatible with acetone, ethyl acetate, methanol, isobutyl alcohol, methanol, and methyl ethyl ketone.  Polypropylene is incompatible with cyclohexane, ethers, dichlorobenzene, pentanes, methylene chloride, and trichlorobenzene.  Gas, disinfectants or autoclave are recommended to sterilize products made of polypropylene.  Maximum temperature use is 135°C.

Polymethylpentene (TPX)(vials only) has a very low density and has greater transparency than polypropylene.  It has excellent chemical resistance and low moisture absorption.  Maximum temperature use is 175°C.

Plastic Resin Codes

Abbreviation

Chemical Designation

Temp °C (Max)

Temp °C (Min)

Specific Gravity (g/cm3)

Transparency

Flexibility

Autoclavable

Microwavable

Dry Heat

Gas

Gamma

Disinfectants

PP

Polypropylene

135

0

0.90

Translucent

Rigid

Yes

Yes

No

Yes

No

Yes

PMP

Polymethylpentene (TPX)

175

70

0.83

Clear

Rigid

Yes

Yes

No

Yes

Yes

Yes

Sterilization Reference Guide

Sterilization Reference Guide

Method

Procedure

Autoclave:

Cycle is 121°C, 15 psig (1 bar), 20 min

Dry Heat:

170°C for 60 min

Gas:

Ethylene Oxide for formaldehyde

Microwave:

Transmission of microwaves

Gamma Irradiation:

High energy ionizing gamma radiation from a Cobolt 60 source

Chemical Disinfectants:

Quaternay Ammonim Compounds, Iodophors, Formalin, Benzalkonium Chloride, Ethanol, etc.