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Technical Information: Additional Resources : Reference Guide
Reference Guide
Conversion Factors: Volume |
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Liter (L) |
Gallon (gal) |
Dram |
Fluid Ounce (fl. oz.) |
Cubic Centimeter (cm3 or cc) |
Cubic Meter (m3) |
Cubic Inch (in3) |
Cubic Foot (ft3) |
1 |
0.2641 |
270.5 |
33.81 |
1000 |
0.001 |
61.02 |
0.0351 |
3.79 |
1 |
1024 |
128 |
3785.4 |
3.8x10-3 |
231 |
0.1337 |
3.6x10-3 |
9.76x10-4 |
1 |
0.125 |
3.697 |
3.7x10-6 |
0.2256 |
1.305x10-4 |
0.02957 |
7.812x10-3 |
8 |
1 |
29.57 |
2.957x10-3 |
1.804 |
1.04x10-3 |
0.001 |
2.642x10-4 |
0.27505 |
0.0338 |
1 |
1.0x10-6 |
0.061 |
3.5x10-5 |
1000 |
264.17 |
270512 |
33814.02 |
1.0x106 |
1 |
61023.7 |
35.31 |
0.01639 |
4.329x10-3 |
4.433 |
0.5541 |
16.387 |
1.639x10-5 |
1 |
5.787x10-4 |
28.32 |
7.477 |
7660 |
957.5 |
28316.8 |
0.0283 |
1728 |
1 |
Conversion Factors: Mass |
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Atomic Mass Unit (µ) |
Gram (g) |
Kilogram (kg) |
Slug |
Pound (lb) |
Dry Ounce (oz) |
1 |
1.661x10-24 |
1.660x10-27 |
1.17x10-28 |
3.61x1-27 |
5.857x10-26 |
6.022x10²³ |
1 |
0.001 |
0.0685 |
2.205x10-3 |
0.03527 |
6.022x10²⁶ |
1000 |
1 |
6.852 |
2.205 |
35.27 |
8.789 |
14590 |
14.59 |
1 |
32.174 |
514.78 |
2.732x10²⁶ |
453.6 |
0.4536 |
0.03108 |
1 |
16 |
1.707x10²⁵ |
28.35 |
0.02835 |
0.00194 |
0.0625 |
1 |
Conversion Factors: Length |
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Inch (in) |
Foot (ft) |
Mile (mi) |
Angstrom (Å) |
Millimeter (mm) |
Centimeter (cm) |
Meter (m) |
Kilometer (km) |
Light-year |
1 |
0.0833 |
1.58x10-5 |
2.54x10⁸ |
25.4 |
2.54 |
0.0254 |
2.54x10-5 |
2.7x10-18 |
12 |
1 |
1.89x10-4 |
3.048x109 |
305 |
30.5 |
0.3048 |
3.05x10-4 |
3.2x10-17 |
6360 |
5280 |
1 |
1.61x1013 |
1609344 |
160934 |
1609 |
1.609 |
1.7x10-13 |
3.93x10-9 |
3.3x10-10 |
6.21x10-14 |
1 |
1.0x10-7 |
1.0x10-8 |
1.0x10-10 |
1.0x10-13 |
1.1x10-26 |
0.0394 |
0.00328 |
6.21x10-7 |
1.0x107 |
1 |
0.1 |
0.001 |
1.0x10-6 |
1.1x10-19 |
0.394 |
0.0328 |
6.21x10-6 |
1.0x10⁸ |
10 |
1 |
0.01 |
1.0x10-5 |
1.1x10-18 |
39.4 |
3.28 |
6.21x10-4 |
1.0x1010 |
1000 |
100 |
1 |
0.001 |
1.1x10-16 |
39370 |
3281 |
0.621 |
1.0x1013 |
1.0x106 |
1.0x10⁵ |
1000 |
1 |
1.1x10-13 |
3.72x10ˡ⁷ |
3.1x016 |
6.21x10ˡ² |
9.46x10²⁵ |
9.46x10ˡ⁸ |
9.46x10ˡ⁷ |
9.46x10ˡ⁵ |
9.46x10ˡ² |
1 |
Conversion Factors: Speed |
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ft/s |
mi/hr |
m/s |
km/hr |
1 |
0.682 |
0.305 |
1.097 |
1.47 |
1 |
0.447 |
1.61 |
3.28 |
2.24 |
1 |
3.60 |
0.911 |
0.621 |
0.278 |
1 |
Conversion Factors: Pressure |
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Atmosphere (atm) |
bar |
Pascal (Pa) or N/m2 |
lb/in2 |
Torr |
1 |
1.01 |
1.01x10⁵ |
14.7 |
760 |
0.987 |
1 |
1.0x10⁵ |
14.5 |
750.1 |
9.87x10-6 |
1.0x10-5 |
1 |
1.45x104 |
7.5x10-3 |
0.068 |
0.069 |
6.9x10³ |
1 |
51.71 |
1.32x10-3 |
1.33x10³ |
133 |
0.0193 |
1 |
Note: 1 Pa = 1 N/m2 |
Conversion Factors: Temperature |
|
Celsius to Fahrenheit |
(⁰C x 1.8) + 32 = ⁰F |
Celsius to Kelvin |
K = ⁰C + 273.15 |
Fahrenheit to Celsius |
(⁰F - 32) /1.8 = ⁰C |
Fahrenheit to Kelvin |
K = (⁰F + 459.67)/1.8 |
Kelvin to Celsius |
⁰C = K - 273.15 |
Kelvin to Fahrenheit |
⁰F = (K x 1.8) -459.67 |
Physical Constants |
|||
Speed of Light |
c |
3.00x10⁸ |
m/s |
Gravitational Constant |
G |
6.67x10-11 |
N(m2/kg2) |
Avagadro's Number |
NA |
6.023x10²³ |
particles/mol |
Boltzmann's Constant |
k |
1.3806x10-23 |
J/K |
Gas Constant |
R |
8.314 |
J/(mol·K) |
1.9872 |
cal/(mol·K) |
||
Planck's Constant |
h |
6.63x10-34 |
J·sec |
Electron Charge |
e |
1.60x10-19 |
C |
Electron Rest Mass |
me |
9.11x10-31 |
kg |
5.4858x10-4 |
µ |
||
Proton Rest Mass |
mp |
1.67x10-27 |
kg |
1.00727 |
µ |
||
Neutron Rest Mass |
mn |
1.67x10-27 |
kg |
1.00866 |
µ |
||
Coulomb's Law Constant |
k |
9.0 x 10⁹ |
N(m2/c2) |
Permeability Constant |
µ0 |
4πx10-7 |
N/A2 |
Standard Gravitational Acceleration |
g |
9.81 |
m/s2 |
32.17 |
ft/ s2 |
||
Density Dry Air (STP) |
1.293 |
kg/m3 |
|
Density of Water(4°C) |
1000 |
kg/m3 |
|
Speed of Sound in Air (0°C) |
331.4 |
m/s |
Power of Ten Prefixes |
||
Prefix |
Abbreviation |
Value |
Exa |
E |
10ˡ⁸ |
Peta |
P |
10ˡ⁵ |
Tera |
T |
10ˡ² |
Giga |
G |
10⁹ |
Mega |
M |
10⁶ |
Kilo |
k |
10³ |
Hecto |
h |
10² |
Deka |
da |
10 |
Deci |
d |
10-1 |
Centi |
c |
10-2 |
Milli |
m |
10-3 |
Micro |
µ |
10-6 |
Nano |
n |
10-9 |
Pico |
p |
10-12 |
Femto |
f |
10-15 |
Atto |
a |
10-18 |